Sometimes, you can use camera or subject blur artistically, and it looks good. For example, if you’re taking landscape photos on a windy day – even with a tripod – you might end up with areas of blurriness, as in the image above. However, although a tripod protects against camera movement, it does nothing to prevent scene movement. That’s one reason why many photographers end up using tripods! (There are other benefits of tripods, too.) It’s impossible to hold your camera perfectly still while you’re taking a picture, and even slight shake can lead to very blurry photos. If you’re doing handheld photography, camera blur could be very significant. There are two types of motion blur that you may encounter due to your shutter speed: camera blur and subject blur. Otherwise, the six second exposure would be much brighter.) As you can see, depending upon my shutter speed, there was a major difference in motion blur: (I equalized the brightness of these photos using two other settings: aperture and ISO. The foreground grass and the waves behind them were all moving quickly. Here, I was taking pictures on a windy day. Without a camera, they might have been invisible. You can photograph a waterfall at 1/1000 second and see individual droplets frozen in midair. That’s called motion blur.īy comparison, a quick shutter speed (such as 1/1000 second) does a much better job freezing motion in your photo - even something moving quickly. If a person walks by, they might appear as a featureless streak across the image, since they aren’t in one place long enough for the long exposure to capture them sharply. Not surprisingly, a long shutter speed (such as five seconds) captures anything that moves during the exposure. Second, the only other big effect is the motion blur in your images. This should give you an idea of the brightness differences with shutter speed: Here, 1/25 second was too dark (“underexposed”), and 1/3 second was too bright (“overexposed”). Take a look at the series of examples below. If you take a photo at night with a 1/8000-second shutter speed, the photo will be completely black. If you take a normal daytime photo with a 30-second shutter speed, you will capture an image that is completely white. The opposite is true, too a quick shutter speed only lets in a small amount of light. So, why does shutter speed really matter? There are two main reasons:įirst, as you would expect, a long shutter speed (several seconds) lets in a large amount of light. Other cameras generally allow similar settings. For example, on the Nikon D850, you can shoot any shutter speed from 1/8000 second to 30 seconds, as well as a time mode for even longer exposures. Instead, the longest allowable shutter speed tends to be around 30 seconds, although it does depend upon your camera. Your camera won’t let you take a decades-long photo. Some people build custom cameras that take decades to capture a single photo. Shutter speed isn’t particularly difficult it is just the amount of time your camera spends taking a picture. This could be 1/100 of a second, or 1/10 of a second, or three seconds, or five minutes. The goal of this comprehensive article is to teach you all the basics that you need to know about exposure. But if you can lay a solid groundwork, you’ll be at a huge advantage when you go out and practice it for yourself. There’s no quick-and-dirty way to pick up a skill like this. You also need to go out into the field and practice what you’ve learned. If you really want to master exposure, reading about it isn’t enough. Instead, getting the proper exposure for a photo is about balancing those three settings so the rest of the photo looks good, from depth of field to sharpness. Even your camera’s Auto mode will do that most of the time. You haven’t “mastered exposure” once you can take a photo that’s the right brightness. The reason is simple: For every scene, a wide range of shutter speed, aperture, and ISO settings will result in a photo of the proper brightness. It sounds basic, but exposure is a topic which confuses even advanced photographers. Also, you can brighten or darken a photo by editing it in post-processing software like Photoshop on your computer. The third setting, camera ISO, also affects the brightness of your photos, and it is equally important to understand. There are only two camera settings that affect the actual “luminous exposure” of an image: shutter speed and aperture. It is a crucial part of how bright or dark your pictures appear. In photography, exposure is the amount of light which reaches your camera sensor or film.
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